【k8s教程二】CentOS7部署K8s集群 [blockquote2 name='洛维花']声明：本教程并不是我原创，因脑子问题，好记性不如笔记以及中途使用中出现其他问题，有个具体化的解决办法，于是便进行了搬运，并稍作更改。文章尾部带有原作者的链接。[/tip]附上原作者的录像环境准备本文服务器的公网IP：192.168.56.101OS version: CentOS 7CPU Architecture: x86_64/amd64K8s version: v1.23.17Docker version: 20.10.23安装依赖yum install -y \ curl \ wget \ systemd \ bash-completion \ lrzsz 安装前准备同步服务器时间timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai && timedatectl set-local-rtc 0 systemctl restart rsyslog systemctl restart crond修改主机名方便通过主机名访问对于的服务器# 主节点 hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master # 从节点 hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node1 hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node2修改hostscat >/etc/hosts <<EOF 192. 168.56.101 k8s-master 192. 168.56.102 k8s-node1 192. 168.56.103 k8s-node2 EOF开启必要的端口必要端口文档：https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/reference/networking/ports-and-protocols/因是测试环境，直接关闭防火墙systemctl disable firewalld.service && systemctl stop firewalld.service 容器运行时转发IPv4并让iptables看到桥接流量cat >/etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf <<EOF overlay br_netfilter EOF modprobe overlay modprobe br_netfilter cat >/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <<EOF net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1 net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 EOF sysctl --system # 通过运行以下指令确认 br_netfilter 和 overlay 模块被加载 lsmod | egrep 'overlay|br_netfilter' # 通过运行以下指令确认 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables、net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables 系统变量在你的 sysctl 配置中被设置为 1 sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables net.ipv4.ip_forward安装容器运行时[blockquote2 name='洛维花']注意：k8s v1.24及以后不在支持Docker Engine[/tip]安装Docker[blockquote2 name='洛维花']官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/[/tip]yum install -y yum-utils # 设置yum阿里云镜像 yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo mkdir -p /etc/docker # 设置阿里云镜像/日志/cgroup驱动 cat >/etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF { "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"], "log-driver": "json-file", "log-opts": { "max-size": "100m" }, "storage-driver": "overlay2", "storage-opts": [ "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true" ], "registry-mirrors":["https://hub-mirror.c.163.com","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn","https://registry.docker-cn.com"] } EOF yum makecache fast yum install -y docker-ce-20.10.23 docker-ce-cli-20.10.23 containerd.io systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable docker && systemctl restart docker安装containerd（这个其实是另一种的容器工具，我们已经安装了docker，并不需要再安装这个了。）yum install -y yum-utils yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo yum makecache fast yum install -y containerd.io mkdir -p /etc/containerd 生成默认文件 containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml 编辑配置文件 设置驱动方式为systemd 设置pause镜像 镜像仓库的加速器 sed -i "s#SystemdCgroup = false#SystemdCgroup = true#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml sed -i "s#registry.k8s.io#registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml sed -i "/\[plugins.\"io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri\".registry.mirrors\]/a\ [plugins.\"io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri\".registry.mirrors.\"docker.io\"]" /etc/containerd/config.toml sed -i "/\[plugins.\"io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri\".registry.mirrors.\"docker.io\"\]/a\ endpoint = [\"https://hub-mirror.c.163.com\",\"https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn\",\"https://registry.docker-cn.com\"]" /etc/containerd/config.toml sed -i "/endpoint = \[\"https:\/\/hub-mirror.c.163.com\",\"https:\/\/docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn\",\"https:\/\/registry.docker-cn.com\"]/a\ [plugins.\"io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri\".registry.mirrors.\"registry.k8s.io\"]" /etc/containerd/config.toml sed -i "/\[plugins.\"io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri\".registry.mirrors.\"registry.k8s.io\"\]/a\ endpoint = [\"registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers\"]" /etc/containerd/config.toml sed -i "/endpoint = \[\"registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/google_containers\"]/a\ [plugins.\"io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri\".registry.mirrors.\"k8s.gcr.io\"]" /etc/containerd/config.toml sed -i "/\[plugins.\"io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri\".registry.mirrors.\"k8s.gcr.io\"\]/a\ endpoint = [\"registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers\"]" /etc/containerd/config.toml systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable containerd && systemctl restart containerd安装k8s[blockquote2 name='洛维花']官方文档：https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-init/https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/kubelet/[/tip]关闭swap分区或者禁用swap文件swapoff -a && sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab关闭selinuxsetenforce 0 && sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config 安装k8s# 使用阿里云k8s源 cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo <<EOF [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 repo_gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg EOF # 安装工具kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl yum install -y kubelet-1.23.17 kubeadm-1.23.17 kubectl-1.23.17 --disableexcludes=kubernetes # 设置驱动方式为systemd cat >/etc/sysconfig/kubelet <<EOF KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=systemd" EOF # 设置容器运行时（仅容器运行时为containerd才需要进行以下设置，容器运行时为Docker则不需要） crictl config runtime-endpoint unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock crictl config image-endpoint unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock sed -i '/KUBELET_KUBEADM_ARGS/s/"$/ --container-runtime=remote --container-runtime-endpoint=unix:\/\/\/run\/containerd\/containerd.sock"/' /var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env # kubelet开机自启 systemctl enable --now kubelet # 查看kubelet状态 systemctl status kubelet # 如果报错，查询错误信息 journalctl -xe运行k8smkdir -p /k8sdata/log/ kubeadm init \ --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.56.101 \ --image-repository=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \ --kubernetes-version=v1.23.17 \ --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \ --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 | tee /k8sdata/log/kubeadm-init.log mkdir -p "$HOME"/.kube cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf "$HOME"/.kube/config chown "$(id -u)":"$(id -g)" "$HOME"/.kube/config提示：[blockquote2 name='洛维花']如果是搭建的服务器是主节点，则服务器至少2核2G，如果没有达到该配置但是仍想安装，则可以在kubeadm init命令行中使用–ignore-preflight-errors=CpuNum即可忽略报错。如果初始化失败，通过kubeadm reset进行重设[/tip]安装网络系统flannelmkdir -p /k8sdata/network/ wget --no-check-certificate -O /k8sdata/network/flannelkube-flannel.yml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml kubectl create -f /k8sdata/network/flannelkube-flannel.ymlcalicomkdir -p /k8sdata/network/ wget --no-check-certificate -O /k8sdata/network/calico.yml https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml kubectl create -f /k8sdata/network/calico.ymlk8s命令行补全! grep -q kubectl "$HOME/.bashrc" && echo "source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion" >>"$HOME/.bashrc" ! grep -q kubectl "$HOME/.bashrc" && echo "source >"$HOME/.bashrc" ! grep -q kubeadm "$HOME/.bashrc" && echo "source >"$HOME/.bashrc" ! grep -q crictl "$HOME/.bashrc" && echo "source >"$HOME/.bashrc" source "$HOME/.bashrc"k8s常用命令# 获取节点 kubectl get nodes -o wide # 实时查询nodes状态 watch kubectl get nodes -o wide # 获取pod kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o wide # 查看镜像列表 kubeadm config images list # 节点加入集群 kubeadm token create --print-join-command # 描述node kubectl describe node k8s-master # 描述pod kubectl describe pod kube-flannel-ds-hs8bq --namespace=kube-flannel总结按照本教程可以部署一个可以正常运行的k8s，但本文仍存在一些待优化的地方，如在部署或者使用过程中遇到问题会在本文进行补充。视频备份{cloud title="百度网盘" type="bd" url="https://pan.baidu.com/s/1CiVD7Vn1IVxEHcqQ3iflfA?pwd=vb79" password=""/}[blockquote2 name='洛维花']原文链接：https://jonssonyan.com/2022/07/18/CentOS7%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2K8s%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4/[/tip]