【N1安装飞牛优化一】开启 BBR 网络加速，切换 CPU 为高性能模式，永久增大 ZRAM 前言Phicomm N1 只有 2GB 内存，运行 FnOS（飞牛 NAS）这种基于 Debian 的系统确实需要“精打细算”。查询1. 检查 ZRAM 是否开启（内存压缩）zramctl看什么： 如果有输出（显示 /dev/zramX），说明已经开了。如果没有输出，说明还没开。2. 检查 Swap 生效情况（物理交换文件）swapon --show看什么： 如果这个列表是空的，或者只有几百兆，对于 2G 内存的 N1 来说风险很大。3. 检查 BBR 状态（网速加速器）sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control看什么： 如果显示的是 cubic 或 reno，说明还没开。如果显示 bbr，说明已经加速。4. 检查 CPU 运行模式（性能还是省电）cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor看什么： 如果显示 ondemand 是标准的。如果显示 performance 是最高性能。如果显示 powersave 说明您的 N1 现在正慢腾腾地跑。5. 检查当前内存负载（看压力大不大）free -m看什么： 重点看 available（可用内存）还有多少。如果只剩不到 100M，您的盒子随时会因为内存不足而断连。优化# 1. 强制开启 BBR 网络加速（让您的 VPN 传输速度翻倍） sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF net.core.default_qdisc = fq net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = bbr EOF sudo sysctl -p # 2. 将 CPU 切换到永久高性能模式（提升万兆内网吞吐稳定性） # (针对 Armbian/Ubuntu 的设置方法) if [ -f /etc/default/cpufrequtils ]; then sudo sed -i 's/GOVERNOR=.*/GOVERNOR="performance"/' /etc/default/cpufrequtils sudo systemctl restart cpufrequtils else # 临时生效方法，防止没有 cpufrequtils echo "performance" | sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor fi # 3. 增大 ZRAM（让 2GB 内存更像 3.5GB 内存） # 如果您的 zramctl 本身支持大小调整，可以设置为内存的 150% sudo zramctl --size 1500M /dev/zram0

frp 部署及使用（内网穿透） 前言FRP（Fast Reverse Proxy） 是一个开源的反向代理工具，主要用于内网穿透和远程访问。它可以通过映射网络服务（如 HTTP、TCP、UDP 等）到公网，实现内网服务的外网访问，特别适合在无公网 IP 或有防火墙限制的场景下使用。 下载地址：https://github.com/fatedier/frp/releases {cloud title="下载链接" type="default" url="https://github.com/fatedier/frp/releases" password=""/}详细使用文档：https://gofrp.org/zh-cn/docs/overview/核心功能内网穿透反向代理自定义域名跨网络访问安全性多种高级功能一、环境准备说明一下frp 分为： 1、frps 服务端（外网使用）；2、frpc 客户端（内网使用）模拟环境：家用服务器没有公网 ip 云服务器有公网 ip 两服务器系统环境均为：Ubuntu 24.04 frp服务包： （两个环境版本一致） 二、安装包准备{cloud title="蓝奏云，" type="lz" url="https://daimafengzi.lanzout.com/b01tp77j0f" password="2t25"/}{cloud title="天翼云盘，（访问码：kn18）" type="default" url="https://cloud.189.cn/web/share?code=ZZrEvm32iqiy" password=""/}{cloud title="123云盘" type="default" url="https://www.123684.com/s/0ztiVv-vUaod?" password="R14f"/}三、外网服务器部署 frps上传压缩包到任意目录然后解压，示例 /usr/local/ 目录# 解压到当前目录 unzip frps.zip # 移动并改名 mv frps /usr/local/frps # 创建 frp 用户 useradd -r -s /usr/sbin/nologin -M frp # 授权文件夹 chown -R frp:frp /usr/local/frp备份并修改 frps 配置文件 frps.toml （直接执行命令，不用手动编辑）# 备份配置文件 cp /usr/local/frp/frps.toml /usr/local/frp/frps.tomlbak# 直接执行覆盖原来的配置 /usr/local/frp/frps.toml > [common] # 服务端绑定的端口，用于客户端与服务端通信的核心端口。需要确保该端口对外网开放。 bind_port = 7000 # HTTP 代理的虚拟主机端口。用于通过域名访问客户端的 HTTP 服务，需配置 DNS。 vhost_http_port = 80 # HTTPS 代理的虚拟主机端口。用于通过域名访问客户端的 HTTPS 服务，需配置 DNS。 vhost_https_port = 443 # 密钥，是自定义的，想怎么填写就怎么填写，但客户端和服务端必须保持一致，确保安全通信。 token = "Frp20241129" # 仪表板端口，用于查看 frps 服务端的运行状态和管理客户端连接。访问地址：服务器IP:7500 dashboard_port = 7500加入系统服务并开机自启动 # 加入系统服务 /etc/systemd/system/frps.service [Unit] Description = frp server After = network.target syslog.target Wants = network.target [Service] Type = simple ExecStart = /etc/frpc/frps -c /etc/frpc/frps.toml [Install] WantedBy = multi-user.target # 重载配置使其生效 systemctl daemon-reload # 启动 frps 服务 systemctl start frps.service # 设置开机自启 systemctl enable frps.service四、内网服务器部署 frpc上传压缩包到任意目录然后解压，示例 /usr/local/ 目录# 解压到当前目录 unzip frpc.gz # 移动并改名 mv frpc /usr/local/frpc # 创建 frp 用户 useradd -r -s /usr/sbin/nologin -M frp # 授权文件夹 chown -R frp:frp /usr/local/frp备份并修改 frpc 配置文件 frpc.toml （直接执行命令，不用手动编辑）cp /usr/local/frp/frpc.toml /usr/local/frp/frpc.tomlbak# 直接执行覆盖原来的配置 /usr/local/frp/frpc.toml > [common] server_addr = "此处引号内填写外网服务器的公网IP" # 服务端口 server_port = 7000 # 密钥，需要和 frps 配置一致 token = "Frp20241129" # 配置每个内网服务 # 服务名称，随便写，自己能看懂就行 [ssh_test] type = "tcp" local_ip = "127.0.0.1" # 家用服务器上暴露的端口 local_port = 22 # 外网服务器上暴露的端口，ssh时候，使用外网 IP 和这个端口可以远程访问家里的服务器 remote_port = 2299 # 服务名称，随便写，自己能看懂就行 [web_server] type = "http" local_ip = "127.0.0.1" # 家用服务器上暴露的端口 local_port = 80 # 外网服务器上暴露的端口，使用外网 IP 和这个端口可以远程访问家里web服务，这个配置和域名 #remote_port = 6001 # 用于 HTTP 和 HTTPS 域名的代理。填写自己的域名，没有就注释这个配置，启用 remote_port 配置 custom_domains = "www.adbc.cn" #remote_port 和 custom_domains 配置冲突，只能使用一个 加入系统服务并开机自启动 # 加入系统服务 /etc/systemd/system/frpc.service [Unit] Description = frp server After = network.target syslog.target Wants = network.target [Service] Type = simple ExecStart = /etc/frpc/frps -c /etc/frpc/frps.toml [Install] WantedBy = multi-user.target # 重载配置使其生效 systemctl daemon-reload # 启动 frps 服务 systemctl start frpc.service # 设置开机自启 systemctl enable frpc.service五，查看 frpc 是否在 frps 内注册，并测试网页访问使用外网手机或者电脑访问域名，测试通过。域名记得配置 公网DNS解析 。

使用wireguard搭建实现异地组网并使用 wg-gen-web 来管理 WireGuard 的配置 使用wireguard搭建实现异地组网并使用 wg-gen-web 来管理 WireGuard 的配置内容有点长，让我缕缕前言说起异地组网，之前一直在使用zerotier-planet进行搭建，使用了一段时间也挺稳定，唯一的不足就是ios平台由于系统限制没办法修改planet文件，也就没法进行组网。网上找了一圈，看到很早就有人在官方论坛里面提过这个需求，但是官方似乎对此兴趣好像不大，没办法只能研究其他组网方式，找了一圈后最后确定下来使用wireguard搭建中继服务器进行组网，wireguard的各平台支持也都比较齐全，其功能也都满足我的需求，在此记录下组网过程。画个图安装wireguard #Ubuntu22 apt install -y wireguard #Centos yum install -y wireguard #armbian yum install -y wireguard #KylinV10 yum install -y wireguard # 添加下面的配置到 /etc/sysctl.conf 后执行 sysctl -p 生效 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1一键命令，一次性搞定。wg-gen-web 配置wg-gen-web 仓库对于新手来说，如何才能快速把 WireGuard 用起来呢？当然是通过图形管理界面啦，填几个参数，生成个二维码，再拿客户端扫下二维码就连上了，简直是比爽姐还爽~wg-gen-web 就是这样一款图形管理界面，主要包含以下这些功能：根据 CIDR 自动分配 IP 地址给客户端；每个客户端会生成 QR 二维码，方便移动客户端扫描使用；支持通过邮件发送二维码和配置文件；支持启用和禁用某个客户端；支持 IPv6；支持使用 GitHub 和 Oauth2 OIDC 来进行用户认证；颜值还比较高。wg-gen-web 支持直接通过容器来运行，如果你是在本地运行，可以准备一份 docker-compose 文件：version: '3.6' services: wg-gen-web: image: vx3r/wg-gen-web:latest container_name: wg-gen-web restart: always expose: - "8080/tcp" ports: - 80:8080 environment: - WG_CONF_DIR=/data - WG_INTERFACE_NAME=wg0.conf - OAUTH2_PROVIDER_NAME=fake - WG_STATS_API=http://<API_LISTEN_IP>:8182 volumes: - /etc/wireguard:/data network_mode: bridge wg-json-api: image: james/wg-api:latest container_name: wg-json-api restart: always cap_add: - NET_ADMIN network_mode: "host" command: wg-api --device wg0 --listen <API_LISTEN_IP>:8182我习惯于用docker命令来安装：docker run --rm -it -v /tmp/wireguard:/data -p 8080:8080 -e "WG_CONF_DIR=/data" vx3r/wg-gen-web:latest这里还用到了另外一个项目 wg-api，该项目提供了一个 JSON-RPC 接口，用来暴露 WireGuard 的网络状态信息。其中 <API_LISTEN_IP> 可以直接替换成 docker0 的 IP。执行以下命令运行 wg-gen-web：docker-compose up -d在浏览器中输入 URL 打开图形管理界面，点击 “SERVER” 开始填写服务端和客户端的配置信息：这里的 PostUp和PostDown我只有如下设置的时候才行，不知道是不是我的内网原因。各位看着弄 #PostUp iptables -A FORWARD -i wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -A FORWARD -o wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE #PostDown iptables -D FORWARD -i wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -D FORWARD -o wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE填写好配置信息后，直接点击 UPDATE SERVER CONFIGURATION 保存，同时会生成配置文件 wg0.conf： cat /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf # Updated: 2021-01-20 03:59:37.718655459 +0000 UTC / Created: 2021-01-20 03:32:28.045982181 +0000 UTC [Interface] Address = 10.6.6.1/24 ListenPort = 51820 PrivateKey = iLPeSYaKYERfyrOX/YcAam4AIIHCNEBXnqL2oRedAWQ= PreUp = echo WireGuard PreUp PostUp = iptables -A FORWARD -i wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -A FORWARD -o wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE PreDown = echo WireGuard PreDown PostDown = iptables -D FORWARD -i wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -D FORWARD -o wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE注意： 这里如果需要多个内网网段，记得都填写下去接下来点击 CLIENTS，然后点击 ADD NEW CLIENT 开始新增客户端配置：填写客户端配置信息：点击 SUBMIT，就会在 /etc/wireguard 目录下生成客户端的 json 配置文件：cat /etc/wireguard/f5fcc1e7-e03a-48bb-acd9-8d5214c6cb1f { "id": "f5fcc1e7-e03a-48bb-acd9-8d5214c6cb1f", "name": "test", "email": "yangchuansheng33@gmail.com", "enable": true, "ignorePersistentKeepalive": false, "presharedKey": "8QkkeXGt4D/lnLDA1jfJUhB3oiShhRWp/GC8GFQtgKs=", "allowedIPs": [ "10.6.6.0/24" ], "address": [ "10.6.6.2/32" ], "tags": [], "privateKey": "ODN2xN12p5lwcEuj20C4uZV9kJE9yHz4eAHB/4czPEM=", "publicKey": "k2Ut15aQn7+mNHqEd4bwdNx3WcvA4F7SPmETYuWdSjM=", "createdBy": "Unknown", "updatedBy": "", "created": "2021-01-20T05:19:16.659225991Z", "updated": "2021-01-20T05:19:16.659225991Z" }如果勾选了 “Enable client after creation”，还会将 peer 的配置加入 wg0.conf：cat /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf # Updated: 2021-01-20 03:59:37.718655459 +0000 UTC / Created: 2021-01-20 03:32:28.045982181 +0000 UTC [Interface] Address = 10.6.6.1/24 ListenPort = 51820 PrivateKey = iLPeSYaKYERfyrOX/YcAam4AIIHCNEBXnqL2oRedAWQ= PreUp = echo WireGuard PreUp PostUp = iptables -A FORWARD -i wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -A FORWARD -o wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE PreDown = echo WireGuard PreDown PostDown = iptables -D FORWARD -i wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -D FORWARD -o wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE # test / yangchuansheng33@gmail.com / Updated: 2021-01-20 05:19:16.659225991 +0000 UTC / Created: 2021-01-20 05:19:16.659225991 +0000 UTC [Peer] PublicKey = k2Ut15aQn7+mNHqEd4bwdNx3WcvA4F7SPmETYuWdSjM= PresharedKey = 8QkkeXGt4D/lnLDA1jfJUhB3oiShhRWp/GC8GFQtgKs= AllowedIPs = 10.6.6.2/32最后直接启动 wg-quick 服务就行了：systemctl start wg-quick@wg0如果你之前已经启动过该服务，现在只需要重启就行了：systemctl restart wg-quick@wg0每次更新配置后都要手动 reload 还是很麻烦的，我们可以通过 systemd 来监听配置文件的实时变化，一但配置文件有所改动，就立即触发 reload。方法也很简单，先创建一个 wg-gen-web.service 用来 reload：# /etc/systemd/system/wg-gen-web.service [Unit] Description=Restart WireGuard After=network.target [Service] Type=oneshot ExecStart=/usr/bin/systemctl reload wg-quick@wg0.service [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target然后再创建一个同名的 wg-gen-web.path 用来监听文件变化：# /etc/systemd/system/wg-gen-web.path [Unit] Description=Watch /etc/wireguard for changes [Path] PathModified=/etc/wireguard [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target设置开机自启：systemctl enable wg-gen-web.service wg-gen-web.path --now后面如果再到 Web 页面上更新配置信息，会立即触发 reload，不需要再自己手动 reload 了。查看接口信息：wg show wg0 interface: wg0 public key: dG5xPA7Q6X7ByeNl5pasI/8ZPhiTOsfsy0NUX4w2wmI= private key: (hidden) listening port: 51820 peer: k2Ut15aQn7+mNHqEd4bwdNx3WcvA4F7SPmETYuWdSjM= preshared key: (hidden) allowed ips: 10.6.6.2/32客户端建立连接Linux客户端# 安装wireguard apt install -y wireguard # 添加下面的配置到 /etc/sysctl.conf 后执行 sysctl -p 生效 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1将上面服务器添加的客户端配置文件下载后 存放到 /etc/wireguard/并执行启动程序systemctl reload wg-quick@wg0启动后ping一下上面设置的局域网内网连接，如果通了，则组网成功！一些优化有时外网IP变化了，wg服务并未报错，但是也没有重连到中继服务器上，造成机器离线，这里新增一个watchdog服务进行连接保活监控# 新建watchdog服务 vim /lib/systemd/system/wg-watchdog.service # 添加下面代码到service中 [Unit] Description=Wireguard Watchdog After=network.target StartLimitIntervalSec=0 [Service] Type=simple Restart=always RestartSec=10 ExecStart=/etc/wireguard/watchdog.sh [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target# 新建脚本 vim /etc/wireguard/watchdog.sh # 添加下面代码到watchdog.sh中 #!/bin/bash # TARGET_HOST 根据实际情况修改，这里是中继服务器的内网IP TARGET_HOST='10.0.1.1' # this is your wireguard network server IP UP=false while true do count=$(ping -c 1 $TARGET_HOST | grep rtt | wc -l) if [ $count -eq 0 ]; then echo "$(date)" "Target host" $TARGET_HOST "unreachable, reinitiating wireguard wg0 interface!" systemctl restart wg-quick@wg0 UP=false else if [ $UP = false ]; then echo "$(date)" "Wireguard connection reestablished!" fi UP=true fi sleep 10 done最后启动服务systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start wg-watchdog systemctl enable wg-watchdog脚本原理是每隔10秒ping一下中继服务器IP，如果ping不通则说明本机离线，检测到离线后就重启wg服务，这样就可以保证机器一直在线了。

rc.local中的命令不能执行 问题描述在使用较新版本的Ubuntu系统中，之前写入rc.local的开机执行命令不执行了。经探究发现，Ubuntu自18.04版本后改用systemd管理系统，不再用initd管理系统，默认也没有/etc/rc.local文件。问题分析先用systemctl status rc-local查看状态设置rc-local开机自启，输出如下错误信息：systemctl enable rc-local大概意思是rc-local服务文件没有install字段的相关信息，这些相关信息包括WantedBy, RequiredBy, Also, Alias。如果不写则系统不认为它是一个systemd服务。打开文件/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service(如无此文件则新建)，做如下配置：[Unit] Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility Documentation=man:systemd-rc-local-generator(8) ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.local After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start TimeoutSec=0 RemainAfterExit=yes GuessMainPID=no [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target # 指的是表示该服务所属 target Alias=rc-local.service其中Unit字段描述服务的启动顺序&依赖关系，Service字段描述如何启动，Install字段描述如何安装该服务。打开/etc/rc.local输入如下内容echo "rc.local was executed on $(date)" >> /var/log/rc.local.log给文件权限chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local重启系统reboot查看日志是否有输出.有则搞定cat /var/log/rc.local.log

docker容器中添加字体 在服务器中使用docker部署的Java后端服务，需要解决字体问题，解决方法如下：从windows中拷贝字体文件，目录位置：C:\Windows\Fonts将字体文件拷贝到宿主机，比方说我拷贝到了：/usr/local/share/fonts/目录下在宿主机执行cp命令，将字体文件拷贝到容器中的对应位置 /usr/share/fonts/docker cp /usr/local/share/fonts/simsun.ttc rongqi:/usr/share/fonts/进入容器，验证字体是否安装成功docker exec -it rongqi bash验证字体是否安装成功使用命令fc-list，如果没有fc-list命令，需要做如下操作：Debian/Ubuntu:apt-get update apt-get install fontconfigCentOS/RHEL:yum install fontconfigAlpine Linux:apk update apk add fontconfig确认字体目录：确保你的字体文件已经正确复制到容器内的 /usr/share/fonts/ 目录。生成字体缓存：在容器内执行以下命令，以确保字体缓存已生成。fc-cache -fv验证字体：在容器内执行 fc-list 命令，查看是否能够列出已安装的字体fc-list验证成功如下图所示

Linux环境安装Maven（详细图文） 摘要笔者Linux环境为：Ubuntu 22.04一、准备工作1.检查当前环境是否安装maven若出现如图所示:即表示目前环境下未安装maven2.下载maven官网地址：https://maven.apache.org/download.cgi{cloud title="下载链接" type="default" url="https://maven.apache.org/download.cgi" password=""/}4.解压maven包#切换到 /opt目录 cd /opt #解压 tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.9.6-bin.tar.gz 5.移动到/usr/local目录下方便管理mv apache-maven-3.9.6 /usr/local/6.配置maven环境变量# 打开环境变量文件 vim /etc/profile # 在/etv/profile的最后一行添加，保存退出 export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.9.6 export PATH=$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH7.刷新配置文件source /etc/profile8.配置maven镜像仓库在国内访问 Maven 中央仓库可能会受到网络限制，因此配置镜像是很有必要的。# 打开maven的配置文件 vim /usr/local/apache-maven-3.9.6/conf/settings.xml 阿里云镜像如下：<mirror> <id>alimaven</id> <name>aliyun maven</name> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf> </mirror>9.验证是否成功命令：mvn -v到此，maven安装结束。

systemd服务 前言systemd 是一个系统和服务管理器，用于在 Linux 操作系统中启动、停止和管理系统进程和服务。它被广泛用于现代的 Linux 发行版中。以下是一些常用的 systemd 命令和示例：1.启动、停止或重启某个服务：启动服务：systemctl start 服务名 停止服务：systemctl stop 服务名 重启服务：systemctl restart 服务名例如，启动 Apache 服务：systemctl start apache22.查看服务状态：查看某个服务的状态：systemctl status 服务名 查看所有服务的状态：systemctl status例如，查看网络管理服务（NetworkManager）的状态：systemctl status NetworkManager3.设置服务开机自启动：开启服务自启动：systemctl enable 服务名 关闭服务自启动：systemctl disable 服务名例如，设置 Nginx 服务开机自启动：systemctl enable nginx4.查看服务的详细信息和配置：查看某个服务的所有信息：systemctl show 服务名 查看某个服务的具体配置文件路径：systemctl show -p FragmentPath 服务名例如，查看 MySQL 服务的详细信息：systemctl show mysql5.显示服务日志：显示某个服务的日志：journalctl -u 服务名 显示所有服务的日志：journalctl例如，显示 Syslog 服务的日志：journalctl -u syslog此外，systemd 的配置文件一般位于 /etc/systemd/ 目录下，可以根据需要修改相关配置。

Ubuntu 23.04、22.04、18.04国内源 配置文件说明Ubuntu配置文件位置：/etc/apt/sources.list需要用root权限：sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list2种修改方式1）把原文件中：archive.ubuntu.com，替换为：archive.aliyun.com（或其他更新源网址） 2）直接复制下方的内容，覆盖原文件中的内容即可。 修改完成后，更新本地安装包数据库请选择和系统对应的版本查看系统版本命令：lsb_release -a Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Release: 22.04 Codename: jammy源地址国内的更新源有多个，几个大互联网公司的源都比较稳定，没什么差别。这里整理的比较主流的、常用的几个LTS版本的更新源。Ubuntu 23.04 (lunar)更新源# aliyun deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse# tsinghua deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# 中科大 deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# 163 deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverseUbuntu 22.04 (jammy)更新源 # aliyun deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse# tsinghua deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# 中科大 deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# 163 deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverseubuntu 20.04(focal) 更新源# aliyun deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 中科大 deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# tsinghua deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # 163, netease deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# Ubuntu 20.04自带sources.list # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. # deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverseubuntu 18.04(bionic) 更新源 # aliyun deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 中科大 deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# 163 deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse # tsinghua university deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricte更新apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get install &lt;packagename>